Does Ubuntu Server have a desktop?

Ubuntu comes with everything you need to run your organisation, school, home or enterprise. All the essential applications, like an office suite, browsers, email and media apps come pre-installed and thousands more games and applications are available in the Ubuntu Software Centre.

Explore features ›

Ubuntu has always been free to download, use and share. We believe in the power of open source software; Ubuntu could not exist without its worldwide community of voluntary developers.

With a built-in firewall and virus protection software, Ubuntu is one of the most secure operating systems around. And the long-term support releases give you five years of security patches and updates.

Computing is for everyone regardless of nationality, gender or disability. Ubuntu is fully translated into over 50 languages and includes essential assistive technologies.

Ubuntu gets the most from your screen, with high definition and touchscreen support. 20.04 has a new default theme, Yaru, as well as integrated light and dark themes, resulting in Ubuntu getting a fresh new look while maintaining its signature feel.

Available on the largest range of hardware, ever

Canonical works closely with Dell, Lenovo and HP to certify that Ubuntu works on a wide range of their laptops and workstations. It means that a seamless Ubuntu experience is available out of the box with more hardware choice than ever.

And Ubuntu isn't just for the desktop, it is used in data centres around the world powering every kind of server imaginable and is by far, the most popular operating system in the cloud.

Find out more about our partners

Ubuntu Desktop for the enterprise

Ubuntu Advantage is the professional support package from the experts at Canonical. Get 24x7 support with access to engineers with first-hand experience of your issues. It includes Landscape, the systems management tool, for monitoring, managing, patching, and compliance reporting on all your Ubuntu desktops.

Learn more about Ubuntu for enterprises ›

Canonical is a global software company and the number-one Ubuntu services provider. Companies can choose to receive expert training, support or consultancy for a fee that goes towards the continued development of Ubuntu.

Learn more about Canonical

Ubuntu Server is a variant of the standard Ubuntu you already know, tailored for networks and services. It’s just as capable of running a simple file server as it is operating within a 50,000 node cloud.

Unlike the installation of Ubuntu Desktop, Ubuntu Server does not include a graphical installation program. Instead, it uses a text menu-based process. If you’d rather install the desktop version, take a look at our Install Ubuntu desktop tutorial.

This guide will provide an overview of the installation from either a DVD or a USB flash drive.

For a more detailed guide on Ubuntu Server’s capabilities and its configuration, take a look at our the Community Ubuntu Server documentation.

You’ll need to consider the following before starting the installation:

  • Ensure you have at least 2GB of free storage space.
  • Have access to either a DVD or a USB flash drive containing the version of Ubuntu Server you want to install.
  • If you’re going to install Ubuntu Server alongside data you wish to keep, ensure you have a recent backup.

See the server guide pages for more specific details on hardware requirements. We also have several tutorials that explain how to create an Ubuntu DVD or USB flash drive.

To trigger the installation process, perform the following:

  1. Put the Ubuntu DVD into your DVD drive (or insert the USB stick or other install media).
  2. Restart your computer.

After a few moments, you should see messages like those shown below on the screen…

Does Ubuntu Server have a desktop?

Most computers will automatically boot from USB or DVD, though in some cases this is disabled to improve boot times. If you don’t see the boot message and the “Welcome” screen which should appear after it, you will need to set your computer to boot from the install media.

There should be an on-screen message when the computer starts telling you what key to press for settings or a boot menu. Depending on the manufacturer, this could be Escape, F2,F10 or F12. Simply restart your computer and hold down this key until the boot menu appears, then select the drive with the Ubuntu install media.

If you are still having problems, check out the Ubuntu Community documentation on booting from CD/DVD.

After the boot messages appear, a ‘Language’ menu will be displayed.

Does Ubuntu Server have a desktop?

As the message suggests, use the Up, Down and Enter keys to navigate through the menu and select the language you wish to use.

Before you need to type anything in, the installer will next display a menu asking you to select your keyboard layout and, if applicable, the variant.

Does Ubuntu Server have a desktop?

If you don’t know which particular variant you want, just go with the default - when Ubuntu Server has been installed you can test and change your preferences more easily if necessary.

Does Ubuntu Server have a desktop?

Now we are ready to select what you want to install. There are three options in the menu:

Does Ubuntu Server have a desktop?

The bottom two options are used for installing specific components of a Metal As A Service (MAAS) install. If you are installing MAAS, you should check out the MAAS documentation for more information on this! The rest of this tutorial assumes you select the first option, Install Ubuntu.

The installer will automatically detect and try to configure any network connections via DHCP.

Does Ubuntu Server have a desktop?

This is usually automatic and you will not have to enter anything on this screen, it is for information only.

If no network is found, the installer can continue anyway, it just won’t be able to check for updates. You can always configure networking after installation.

The next step is to configure storage. The recommended install is to have an entire disk or partition set aside for running Ubuntu.

Does Ubuntu Server have a desktop?

If you need to set up a more complicated system, the manual option will allow you to select and reorganise partitions on any connected drives.

Note that Ubuntu no longer requires a separate partition for swap space, nor will the automated install create one.

This menu will allow you to select a disk from the ones detected on the system.

Does Ubuntu Server have a desktop?

To help identification, the drives will be listed using their system ID. Use the arrow keys and enter to select the disk you wish to use.

With the target drive selected, the installer will calculate what partitions to create and present this information…

Does Ubuntu Server have a desktop?

If this isn’t what you expected to see (e.g., you have selected the wrong drive), you should use the arrow keys and enter to select Back from the options at the bottom of the screen. This will take you back to the previous menu where you can select a different drive.

It is also possible to manually change the partitions here, by selecting Edit Partitions. Obviously you should only select this if you are familiar with how partitions work.

When you are happy with the disk layout displayed, select Done to continue.

Before the installer makes any destructive changes, it will show this final confirmation step. Double check that everything looks good here and you aren’t about to reformat the wrong device!

Does Ubuntu Server have a desktop?

There is no “Undo” for this step, once you confirm the changes, the indicated devices will be overwritten and any contents may be lost

The software is now being installed on the disk, but there is some more information the installer needs. Ubuntu Server needs to have at least one known user for the system, and a hostname. The user also needs a password.

Does Ubuntu Server have a desktop?

There is also a field for importing SSH keys, either from Launchpad, Ubuntu One or Github. You simply need to enter the username and the installer will fetch the relevant keys and install them on the system ready for use (e.g. secure SSH login to the server).

Once you have finished entering the required information, the screen will now show the progress of the installer. Ubuntu Server now installs a concise set of useful software required for servers. This cuts down on the install and setup time dramatically. Of course, after the install is finished, you can install any additional software you may need.

Does Ubuntu Server have a desktop?

When the install is complete, you will see a message like this on the screen.

Does Ubuntu Server have a desktop?

Remember to remove the install media, and then press enter to reboot and start the server. Welcome to Ubuntu!

With Ubuntu Server installed, you can now carry on and build that file-server or multi-node cluster we mentioned!

If you are new to Ubuntu Server, we’d recommend reading the Server Guide.

You can also check out the latest on Ubuntu Server, and what others are using it for on the Ubuntu Server pages.

Finding help

The Ubuntu community, for both desktop and server, is one of the friendliest and most well populated you can find. That means if you get stuck, someone has probably already seen and solved the same problem.

Try asking for help in one of the following places:

  • Ask Ubuntu
  • Ubuntu Forums
  • IRC-based support

Alternatively, if you need commercial support for your server deployments, take a look at Ubuntu Advantage.

Was this tutorial useful?

Thank you for your feedback.