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Chapter 6 - Personality, Lifestyles, and the Self-Concept
1. Individual difference variables are descriptions of how individual consumers differ according to specific traits or
patterns of behaviour.
a. True
b. Fals
e
ANSWER: True
2. Personality is made up of all the emotions that consumers experience.
a. True
b. Fals
e
ANSWER: Fals
e
3. Each individual has a unique personality.
a. True
b. Fals
e
ANSWER: True
4. Personality traits are relatively stable, meaning that the situation does not influence behaviour.
a. True
b. Fals
e
ANSWER: Fals
e
5. The aggregation approach is an approach to studying personality in which behaviour is assessed at a number of points
in time.
a. True
b. Fals
e
ANSWER: True
6. Skinner’s psychoanalytic approach to personality suggests that personality results from a struggle between inner
motivations and societal pressure to follow rules and expectations.
a. True
b. Fals
e
ANSWER: Fals
e
7. The id in the psychoanalytic approach to personality focuses on pleasure-seeking and immediate gratification.
a. True
b. Fals
e
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Personality refers to the enduring characteristics and behavior that comprise a person’s unique adjustment to life, including major traits, interests, drives, values, self-concept, abilities, and emotional patterns. Various theories explain the structure and development of personality in different ways, but all agree that personality helps determine behavior.
The field of personality psychology studies the nature and definition of personality as well as its development, structure and trait constructs, dynamic processes, variations [with emphasis on enduring and stable individual differences], and maladaptive forms.
Adapted from the APA Dictionary of Psychology
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Last updated: November 2022Date created: June 2008
e. visceral approachANS: B18. A distinguishable characteristic that describes one’s tendency to act in relatively consistentmanner is called a[n] _____.
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19. Which of the following is a “variable-centered” approach that focuses on particular variables, ortraits, that exist across a number of consumers?a. unidimensional perspectiveb. multidimensional perspectivec. nomothetic perspectived. idiographic perspectivee. VALS perspectiveANS: C
20. Some consumer researchers have focused on one specific trait, such as innovativeness, topredict the adoption rate of new products. This one trait has been used to describe how quickly newproducts will be adopted by consumers. Focusing on this one trait, innovativeness, is an applicationof which approach to studying consumer traits?
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21. Which approach focuses on the total person and the uniqueness of his or her psychologicalmakeup rather than focusing on one trait across many individuals?
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