One of the main tasks of nursing teams’ leaders is to provide consistently high-quality patient care. In order to achieve this goal, it is necessary to adhere to a specific work strategy so that the level of medical services delivery could be sufficiently high. As a nursing concept that may be relevant in this case, a team model can be introduced that involves the division of employees into separate groups for the allocation of duties and control over individual units. Such an approach to care delivery may be effective and useful if the process of its implementation in practice meets proper conditions and principles.
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It is not enough to divide a team into groups and entrust its participants with the implementation of specific tasks. As Reiss-Brennan et al. [2016] note, the strategy of the team-based model may be “organized around the primary care physician and monitored by the operations manager” [p. 827]. It means that responsible employees should monitor the implementation of care delivery in a specific medical setting and adjust the work process without distracting personnel. Each member of the staff is to receive appropriate job descriptions and be aware of the degree of individual responsibility.
According to Reiss-Brennan et al. [2016], the contribution of employees can be significant if assigned tasks are carried out competently. It is not necessary to recruit a large staff if group members are not able to implement the provisions of a care plan correctly. Therefore, in a team nursing environment, responsible persons are to be appointed to monitor the work of colleagues and make competent recommendations. In this case, the quality of care for each patient will be high, and the management will be able to count on successful work outcomes.
Advantages and Disadvantages of the Model
The selected team nursing model of care has a number of distinctive features and, in particular, advantages. At the same time, as in any concept, some nuances exist that may affect the work process adversely. When considering the benefits of such a model, it can be noted that “the team works collaboratively with shared responsibility” [King, Long, & Lisy, 2015, p. 130]. This feature allows the management to allocate the load on the staff evenly.
Another advantage is employees’ increased attention to each individual patient. As King et al. [2015] remark, nurses are in close contact with those who need help, and comprehensive care is carried out, which has a positive effect on both the physical and emotional state of wards. Finally, this model contributes to the convenience of performance control. If responsible persons monitor the care process in each group, it is easier for the management to draw up a work plan and not be distracted by additional difficulties. Therefore, all these advantages explain the relevance of this model in nursing practice.
However, some disadvantages can also be mentioned when evaluating the concept. For instance, according to Deravin, Francis, Nielsen, and Anderson [2017], some stress outcomes may occur while implementing the model into practice due to increased requirements for nurses’ responsibilities. Also, the risk of conflicts among colleagues increases since many tasks are to be solved jointly, and the personal opinions of individual team members may not coincide.
Another potential disadvantage is the limited list of responsibilities, which hampers the natural process of nurses’ education in the process of work. However, despite these shortcomings, the nursing care model in question is a valuable mechanism if it is implemented correctly.
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References
Deravin, L., Francis, K., Nielsen, S., & Anderson, J. [2017]. Nursing stress and satisfaction outcomes resulting from implementing a team nursing model of care in a rural setting. Journal of Hospital Administration, 6[1], 60-66. Web.
King, A., Long, L., & Lisy, K. [2015]. Effectiveness of team nursing compared with total patient care on staff wellbeing when organizing nursing work in acute care wards: A systematic review. JBI Database of Systematic Reviews and Implementation Reports, 13[11], 128-168. Web.
Reiss-Brennan, B., Brunisholz, K. D., Dredge, C., Briot, P., Grazier, K., Wilcox, A.,… James, B. [2016]. Association of integrated team-based care with health care quality, utilization, and cost. JAMA, 316[8], 826-834. Web.
Today’s healthcare industry is built around a multidisciplinary approach to patient care. Nurses are part of the clinical team of physicians and specialists who collaborate on providing well-organized, comprehensive care to patients. Teamwork is crucial to facilitating effective communication and promoting positive patient outcomes. Earning a nursing degree online — such as a Bachelor of Science in Nursing — can be the first step in understanding how teamwork benefits the nursing profession and patients alike.
Why Is Teamwork Important in Nursing?
Teamwork. Collaboration. Communication. These concepts are not just ideals — they play a critical role in patient outcomes and quality of care. As clinicians, nurses must rely on all these skills to ensure their patients get the care they need.
This is because nurses are the front-line providers of patient care. They are the first clinicians to recognize how patients respond to care, such as whether their health is improving or deteriorating. As part of the multidisciplinary team treating a patient, nurses coordinate care by communicating vital information to doctors, specialists, and other providers and weigh in with their own evidence-based recommendations.
It’s important for nurses to hone their teamwork skill set because they are team members and team leaders when it comes to patient care.
What Is Teamwork and Collaboration in Nursing?
Teamwork in nursing involves communicating and coordinating care with fellow nurses, other clinicians, administrators, and staff. Collaboration also involves including patients and their families in care decisions, which means communicating appropriately and empathetically with laypeople.
Collaboration occurs across departments and shifts. Communications may include texts, emails, notes in electronic health records [EHR], and stand-up huddles, ensuring everyone involved in a patient’s care is on the same page at all times.
In many ways, teamwork and collaboration in nursing are part of nursing ethics and ethical decision-making, because they respect patient autonomy.
How to Promote Teamwork in Nursing
Creating a team culture among nurses is the goal of most hospital executives and administrators. Some effective ways to promote teamwork in nursing include:
Start at the Top
Chief nursing officers [CNOs], at the top of the nursing career ladder, can have a great deal of influence in building a team culture. CNOs who value teamwork and collaboration can put policies in place that foster communication among team members and empower nurses to make clinical decisions. They can support teams by allowing people to admit mistakes without fear of punishment, with the goal of learning from errors. Hiring for a team culture is also important, so everyone is on board with the changes.
Commit to Organizational Change
For a team culture to thrive, an organization may need to change its procedures. Organizational change can be difficult, as people can be attached to familiar ways of working. Some barriers to organizational change include staffing issues; lack of communication between administration and clinicians; interpersonal issues, such as team personalities, social identities [older and established versus younger and less experienced]; and resistance to change.
Implement Training
Teamwork and collaboration are not necessarily intuitive. Training is necessary so teams operate at the highest level. Training includes learning strategies that support patient safety; resource management; and tools such as clinical assessments, checklists, rounds, and other measures. Two common healthcare teamwork training programs are crew resource management [CRM] and TeamSTEPPS [Team Strategies and Tools to Enhance Performance and Patient Safety].
Facilitate Clear Communication
Healthcare team members who work well together have the following characteristics: They communicate well, they perform tasks well, and they collaborate well. Techniques include reporting vital signs out loud, repeating and clarifying information, having individual tasks to focus on, and making sure the tasks are coordinated. Teams also work best when they debrief after a healthcare crisis and use the time to resolve personal conflicts.
Support Team Members
During COVID-19, hospitals and healthcare workers have been under a terrific amount of stress. Stress can impact the effectiveness of a team, as individuals themselves deal with emotional and physical pressures. When hospitals acknowledge these pressures and support individuals, it can help the employees continue to work well together as a team.
5 Nursing Teamwork Benefits
In 2021, hospitals reported 1,068 sentinel events, or dire patient experiences, according to The Joint Commission on the Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations. The most common of these patient safety events included falls, unintended retention of a foreign object, wrong surgery, suicide, and delay in treatment. The Joint Commission found the reasons for many of these sentinel events included failures in communication, inadequate staff training, and inadequate patient assessment, all of which are addressed in hospital teamwork culture.
Improving patient outcomes [including via reducing sentinel events] is one of the top five benefits of teamwork in nursing.
1. Improved Patient Satisfaction and Outcomes
Healthcare professionals serve patients not as individual providers but as part of multidisciplinary teams. These teams include nurses, primary care physicians, and specialists. Ideally, all the individuals on the team work together toward the common goal of enhancing the patient’s health and providing the highest possible level of care.
When multidisciplinary teams meet often, they can evaluate patients more thoroughly. Thanks to their regular daily interactions with patients, nurses are often aware of minute details that busy physicians might miss in their hurried rounds. When teams have opportunities to communicate often, nurses can ask critical questions and make insightful suggestions about the best ways to manage patients’ care.
2. Higher Job Satisfaction
Nursing careers often present challenges, from long hours to high-stress situations. Professionals in this field need to maintain a high level of job satisfaction to avoid potential burnout. Some studies have shown that collaborative relationships among nurses are connected to high job satisfaction.
When nurses are part of coordinated teams with organized lines of communication, they may be happier with their daily workplace responsibilities. Establishing strong teams in the workplace has been found to result in a more satisfied workforce, which extends to co-workers and patients.
3. Increased Professional Accountability
Teamwork in nursing contributes directly to accountability in nursing. Daily huddles keep nurses in the loop and reinforce changes to policies and procedures. If huddles are conducted according to TeamSTEPPS processes, they improve problem identification. This can prevent sentinel events, according to the Patient Safety Network of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.
Nursing accountability can also benefit from teamwork on a smaller scale. Nurses who have attentive supervisors on their teams, or partners who check and assess their work, typically are more accountable for the patient care they provide.
The importance of communication and teamwork is becoming more widely recognized in the healthcare industry. Because of this, communication strategies are often included in the curriculum of nurse practitioner programs. Educational institutions are emphasizing the importance of teamwork and communication early to build a strong foundation for successful healthcare outcomes.
4. Lower Rates of Job Turnover
Employee turnover is a major problem for hospitals and has only worsened since the start of the pandemic. A survey by Advisory Board, a healthcare advisory firm, found that bedside RN turnover rose to 18.6% in 2020. Additionally, a 2021 McKinsey survey found that 22% of nurses intend to leave their job in the next year.
High employee attrition creates a feedback loop — the more nurses leave, the more remaining nurses are overworked and burned out. Stress makes teamwork and collaboration in nursing more difficult, which impacts patient care.
In hospitals that emphasize teamwork, nurses are more satisfied with their jobs, and higher job satisfaction decreases turnover. That means that better teamwork can contribute to lower turnover.
5. Improved Engagement in the Workplace
In hospitals in which nurses are viewed as professionals, engagement was higher, according to a 2020 study in the Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing. This professional practice model calls for teamwork and collaboration in a multidisciplinary setting. The study showed a direct correlation between implementation of a professional practice model and better patient outcomes, enhanced staff engagement, a more positive team culture, and an increase in staff satisfaction.
Get Started by Earning Your Nursing Degree Online
Teamwork in nursing is changing healthcare as much as it’s saving lives. If you’re wondering about what nursing degree to choose, explore an online option from Maryville University. Maryville offers RN to BSN, Master of Science in Nursing [MSN], Doctor of Nursing Practice [DNP], and nursing certificate options. See where your nursing career can take you.
Recommended Reading
A Nurse’s Role in Patient-Centered Care
The Top 8 Nonclinical Skills Needed to Be an Excellent Nurse
Transformational Leadership in Nursing
Sources:
Advisory Board, “Why So Many Nurses Are Quitting [and What to Do About It]
American Nurse, “The Rewards of Teamwork and Productive Leadership in Healthcare Today”
BMJ Quality and Safety, “Managing Teamwork in the Face of Pandemic: Evidence-Based Tips”
Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing, “Implementing a Nursing Professional Model to Improve Staff Nurse Engagement and Teamwork”
Journal of Perinatology, “Facilitators of and Barriers to Successful Teamwork During Resuscitations in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit”
HealthLeaders, “5 Ways to Move Nurse and Staff Teamwork Forward
HealthLeaders, “In Creating an Effective Teamwork Culture, CNOs Are Key”
The Joint Commission, “Sentinel Event Data”
McKinsey & Company, “Nursing in 2021: Retaining the Healthcare Workforce When We Need It Most”
The Nerdy Nurse, “Why Is Teamwork Important in Nursing”
Nursing Open, “Good Nurse–Nurse Collaboration Implies High Job Satisfaction: A Structural Equation Modelling Approach”
Patient Safety Network, “Improving Patient Safety and Team Communication Through Daily Huddles”
PLOS One, “Barriers and Enablers to Effective Interprofessional Teamwork in the Operating Room: A Qualitative Study Using the Theoretical Domains Framework”
Western Journal of Nursing Research, RN Job Satisfaction and Retention After an Interprofessional Team Intervention”