Which of the following defines the degree of interdependence within elements of module?
Top-Down StrategyThe top-down strategy uses the modular approach to develop the design of a system. It is called so because it starts from the top or the highest-level module and moves towards the lowest level modules. Show
In this technique, the highest-level module or main module for developing the software is identified. The main module is divided into several smaller and simpler submodules or segments based on the task performed by each module. Then, each submodule is further subdivided into several submodules of next lower level. This process of dividing each module into several submodules continues until the lowest level modules, which cannot be further subdivided, are not identified. Bottom-Up StrategyBottom-Up Strategy follows the modular approach to develop the design of the system. It is called so because it starts from the bottom or the most basic level modules and moves towards the highest level modules. In this technique,
Structured DesignStructured design is a data-flow based methodology that helps in identifying the input and output of the developing system. The main objective of structured design is to minimize the complexity and increase the modularity of a program. Structured design also helps in describing the functional aspects of the system. In structured designing, the system specifications act as a basis for graphically representing the flow of data and sequence of processes involved in a software development with the help of DFDs. After developing the DFDs for the software system, the next step is to develop the structure chart. ModularizationStructured design partitions the program into small and independent modules. These are organized in top down manner with the details shown in bottom. Thus, structured design uses an approach called Modularization or decomposition to minimize the complexity and to manage the problem by subdividing it into smaller segments. Advantages
Structured ChartsStructured charts are a recommended tool for designing a modular, top down systems which define the various modules of system development and the relationship between each module. It shows the system module and their relationship between them. It consists of diagram consisting of rectangular boxes that represent the modules, connecting arrows, or lines.
We have two different approaches to design a structured chart −
Objectives of Using Structure Flowcharts
Factors Affecting System ComplexityTo develop good quality of system software, it is necessary to develop a good design. Therefore, the main focus on while developing the design of the system is the quality of the software design. A good quality software design is the one, which minimizes the complexity and cost expenditure in software development. The two important concepts related to the system development that help in determining the complexity of a system are coupling and cohesion. CouplingCoupling is the measure of the independence of components. It defines the degree of dependency of each module of system development on the other. In practice, this means the stronger the coupling between the modules in a system, the more difficult it is to implement and maintain the system. Each module should have simple, clean interface with other modules, and that the minimum number of data elements should be shared between modules. High CouplingThese type of systems have interconnections with program units dependent on each other. Changes to one subsystem leads to high impact on the other subsystem. Low CouplingThese type of systems are made up of components which are independent or almost independent. A change in one subsystem does not affect any other subsystem. Coupling Measures
CohesionCohesion is the measure of closeness of the relationship between its components. It defines the amount of dependency of the components of a module on one another. In practice, this means the systems designer must ensure that −
The best modules are those that are functionally cohesive. The worst modules are those that are coincidentally cohesive. The worst degree of cohesionCoincidental cohesion is found in a component whose parts are unrelated to another.
Is the degree of interdependence between software modules?In software engineering, coupling is the degree of interdependence between software modules; a measure of how closely connected two routines or modules are; the strength of the relationships between modules.
Which of the following represents the degree of mutual interdependence between modules components?Explanation: Coupling between modules/components is their degree of mutual interdependence.
Which of the following defines the degree?A unit of measurement, degree describes the level, intensity or seriousness of something.
What is a cohesive module?A communicationally cohesive module is one whose elements perform different functions, but each function references the same input information or output.
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