Given below are two statements:
Statement I: In Freud's postulation
Id is the original system of personality and is the reservoir of psychic energy. It uses the mechanism of pleasure principle and is a tension reduction mechanism
Statement II: All defence mechanisms have two qualities, They deny, distort or falsify reality and they operate unconsciously
In the light of the above Statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
- Both Statement I and Statement II are true
- Both Statement I and Statement II are false
- Statement I is correct but Statement II is false
- Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is true
Answer [Detailed Solution Below]
Option 1 : Both Statement I and Statement II are true
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Freud theory of personality
- Freud developed the psychoanalytic theory of personality development, which argued that personality is formed through conflicts among three fundamental structures of the human mind: the id, ego, and superego.
- Freud claimed that the human psyche could be classified into the conscious and unconscious mind. There are three components - id, ego, and the superego.
- The id, indicating the unconscious mind, is the biologically determined senses that someone holds since birth.
- The id, the most primitive of the three structures, is concerned with the instant gratification of basic physical needs and urges.
- It operates entirely unconsciously [outside of conscious thought].
- For example, if your id walked past a stranger eating ice cream, it would most likely take the ice cream for itself. It doesn’t know, or care, that it is rude to take something belonging to someone else; it would care only that you wanted the ice cream.
- According to Freud, the id is the source of all psychic energy, making it the primary component of personality.
- The id is driven by the pleasure principle, which strives for immediate gratification of all desires, wants, and needs.
- The superego represents the moderating portion of society's traditional morals and taboos, where it is usual that every person does not act on impulse.
- The superego is concerned with social rules and morals—similar to what many people call their “conscience” or their “moral compass.”
- It develops as a child learns what their culture considers right and wrong.
- The ego, which represents the conscious mind, is made up of thoughts, memories, judgments, and feelings. It gives a person their sense of identity and personality.
- In contrast to the instinctual id and the moral superego, the ego is the rational, pragmatic part of our personality.
- It’s what Freud considered to be the “self,” and its job is to balance the demands of the id and superego in the practical context of reality.
So, if you walked past the stranger with ice cream one more time, your ego would mediate the conflict between your id [“I want that ice cream right now”] and superego [“It’s wrong to take someone else’s ice cream”] and decide to go buy your own ice cream.
Defense Mechanism:
- The defense mechanisms are unconscious psychological responses that protect people from feelings of anxiety, threats to self-esteem, and things that they don't want to think about or deal with.
- Most notably used by Sigmund Freud in his psychoanalytic theory, a defense mechanism is a tactic developed by the ego to protect against anxiety.
- In order to deal with anxiety, Freud believed that defense mechanisms helped shield the ego from the conflicts created by the id, superego, and reality.
- Refusal to accept external reality because it is too threatening; arguing against an anxiety-provoking stimulus by stating it does not exist; resolution of emotional conflict and reduction of anxiety by refusing to perceive or consciously acknowledge the more unpleasant aspects of external reality. Denial is one of the aspects of the defense mechanism
Conclusion:
Freud's theory provides one conceptualization of how personality is structured and how the elements of personality function. In Freud's view, a balance in the dynamic interaction of the id, ego, and superego is necessary for a healthy personality. Some of the best-known defense mechanisms have become a common part of everyday language. We might describe someone as being "in denial" of a problem they face. When someone falls back into old ways of doing things, we might term them as "regressing" into an earlier point of development. They can serve a helpful role by protecting our ego from stress and providing a healthy outlet. From this discussion, we come to the conclusion that both statements are correct.
Last updated on Oct 19, 2022
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