According to schachter and singers theory of emotion, what do emotions depend on?
Terms in this set (42)James-Lange Theory of Emotions Theory of Emotions Your interpretation of a stimulus evokes autonomic changes and sometimes muscle actions According to common sense, you feel sad and therefore you cry. You become afraid and therefore you tremble. You feel angry and therefore your face turns red. In 1884 William James and Carl Lange independently proposed the opposite. According to the James-Lange theory, your interpretation of a stimulus evokes autonomic changes and sometimes muscle actions. Your perception of those changes is the feeling aspect of your emotion. Evidence of Theory of Emotions If Body Reaction
Decreases What did this research lead Schachter and Singer to propose about the nature of emotions? According to Schachter and Singer's theory, physiological arousal determines the intensity of an emotion, but a cognitive appraisal determines which emotion one feels. Schachter and Singer Example You are going on a first date with someone you hope will find you exciting. According to Schachter and Singer's theory, should you plan a date walking through an art gallery or riding on roller coasters? According to Schachter and Singer's theory, you should plan a date riding on roller coasters. I f your date gets emotionally excited, he or she may attribute the arousal to you. (However, if you are dating someone who gets nauseated on roller coasters, you should change your strategy!) Why do some psychologists believe that there are basic universal emotions? What classic research has been done to support this notion? Darwin noted that there are a few facial expressions of emotion that occur throughout the world, and favored the idea of a few basic emotions Basic emotions should emerge early in life w/o requiring much experience Basic emotions should be similar across cultures Each basic emotion should have its own facial expression and characteristic physiology Paul Ekman: Six Basic Emotions, Happiness HAD FSS What is an alternate model of emotion described in your text? Circumplex model, emotions range on a continuum from pleasure to misery and along another continuum from arousal to sleepiness Broaden-Build Hypothesis Happy mood increases your readiness to explore new ideas and opportunities How do the Trolley Dilemma and the Footbridge Dilemma reveal about the role of emotion in reasoning through moral problems? Shows that emotional reactions are a quick guide to making a decision that is almost always right What happened to Phineas Gage? What did this tell us about the emotions? An iron bar shot through Phineas Gage's head, causing damage to part of his PREFRONTAL CORTEX. The damage impaired Gage's judgment and decision-making ability. He then showed LITTLE EMOTION AND MADE POOR DECISIONS. What do psychologists use as a good operational definition of anxiety? an increase in the STARTLE REFLEX Damage to the prefrontal cortex People with damage to the prefrontal cortex cannot imagine feeling good or bad after various outcomes; therefore, they see little reason to prefer one outcome to another.
What brain structure seems to be highly implicated in the experience of anxiety? The Amygdala is highly implicated in the experience of anxiety What happens when this brain structure is over-reactive? Makes people more likely than others to report many emotionally unpleasant experiences For soldiers more likely to report severe combat stress What happens when it is damaged? People with brain damage that impairs their emotions have trouble making good decisions. What does the polygraph do? "lie-detector test," device that records sympathetic nervous system arousal, as measured by blood pressure, heart rate, breathing rate, and electrical conduction of the skin Problems with Polygraph the accuracy of the tests are too uncertain for important decisions What is the Guilty-Knowledge Test? Why is it better? A modified version of the polygraph test, produces more accurate results by asking questions that should be threatening to someone who knows the facts of a crime It's better because it rarely classifies an innocent person as guilty How do anger, disgust, and contempt differ? Anger: something interferes with your rights or expectations Disgust: a reaction to something that would make you feel contaminated if it got in your mouth Contempt: a reaction to a violation of community standards Does wealth increase happiness? If so, for whom and under what circumstances? Beyond a certain level of wealth, additional money doesn't add much happiness On average, poor people are less happy People evaluate their wealth compared to how well they would expect to be doing, based on those around them What is positive psychology? Enrich life, such as happiness, hope, creativity, courage, spirituality, and responsibility What correlates with greater happiness, well-being, and life satisfaction? Smaller separation between the wealthy and everyone else in a country What can you do to increase your happiness in your daily life? Change up your activities List things for which you feel grateful once a week Help other people Are elderly people more or less happy in general than everyone else? Why? Elderly people are generally more happy than everyone else They don't have to worry about becoming a success, paying the bill, rearing a family What makes people sad? A sense of loss What might be the social function of crying? To elicit sympathy and social support What are the "self-conscious" emotions? Embarrassment, shame, guilt, and pride Occur when you think about how other people regard you or might regard you if they knew what you had done How did Selye define stress? Stress is the nonspecific response of the body to any demand made upon it. All demands on the body evoke responses that prepare for fighting some kind of threat. What are the direct and indirect effects of prolonged or severe stress? Indirect Direct What helps prevent heart disease? Social support What is PTSD? How common is it in people who have experienced trauma? Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: a condition marked by prolonged anxiety and depression Most people that have experienced trauma do not develop PTSD What are the three main types of ways of coping with stress? Problem-focused coping: Reinterpreting: a situation to make it seem less threatening Emotion-focused coping: What can a person do to prepare for a difficult experience to make it less stressful? devote time to relaxation What are other techniques that a person can employ to reduce anxiety and stress? RED: RELAX, EXERCISE, DISTRACTION What is reappraisal? looking on the brightside Elliot brain tumor Phineas Gage ROD went through his head Vince needed to complete a group project for his psychology class. His group members, though, never did their portion of the work leaving Vince to complete the entire project on his own. His group members, however, were happy to take credit for Vince's hard work when it came time to turn in the assignment. Vince is most likely to feel ________ toward his group members. Contempt: reaction to a violation of community standards such as someone failing to do a share of the work or claiming credit for something another person did. The pleasant feeling of depending on someone else is considered a basic emotion by the Japanese While going for a walk one day with his girlfriend, Dennis comes across large snake. Dennis immediately turns and runs away. His girlfriend laughs and says, "what's wrong with you?" Based on the fact that he ran from the snake, Dennis says "I'm afraid of snakes." Which of the following best explains this exchange? James-Lange theory The mean level of happiness of various countries correlates positively with all of the following except wealth. Students also viewedchapter 12 quiz10 terms Quinonez89PLUS PSY1000 exam 545 terms amberflinn5 Chapter 1230 terms Nidhi_Singh UCR Psych Ch 1341 terms jesus_bravo7 Other sets by this creatorChapter 1428 terms adam_wwb Chapter 1339 terms adam_wwb 8-9 Chapters Redone71 terms adam_wwb Chapter 1118 terms adam_wwb Verified questionspsychology A person troubled by repetitive thoughts or actions is most likely experiencing which of the following? a. Generalized anxiety disorder. b. Posttraumatic stress disorder. c. Panic disorder. d. Obsessive-compulsive disorder. e. Fear conditioning. Verified answer psychology Miller's magical number seven, plus or minus two" refers to a. the ideal number of times to rehearse information in the first encoding session. b. the number of seconds information stays in short-term memory with out rehearsal. c. the capacity of short-term memory. d. the number of seconds information stays in echoic storage. e. the number of years most long-term memories last. Verified answer psychology Which of the following phrases accurately describes top-down processing? a. The entry-level data captured by our various sensory systems. b. The effect that our experiences and expectations have on perception. c. Our tendency to scan a visual field from top to bottom. d. Our inclination to follow a predetermined set of steps to process sound. e. The fact that information is processed by the higher regions of the brain before it reaches the lower brain. Verified answer psychology Human genome (DNA) researchers have discovered that a. chimpanzees are completely different than humans, sharing a small DNA sequence percentage. b. the occasional variations found at particular gene sites in human DNA are of no interest to science. c. many genes do not influence most of our traits. d. nearly every other human is your genetically identical twin. e. genetic predispositions do not help explain our shared human nature and our human diversity. Verified answer Recommended textbook solutionsConsumer Behavior: Buying, Having, Being13th EditionMichael R Solomon 449 solutions HDEV56th EditionSpencer A. Rathus 380 solutions Myers' Psychology for the AP Course3rd EditionC. Nathan DeWall, David G Myers 955 solutions Myers' Psychology for AP2nd EditionDavid G Myers 900 solutions Other Quizlet setsConditioning and Learning Exam 4 (chapters 10, 11,…72 terms madisonho123 Psychology - Personality51 terms Angelina_Taing ch 13 lifespan32 terms alexis_moorman1 Chapter 17: Emotion, Stress, Psychoneuroimmunology36 terms julia_w10 What is Schachter and Singer's theory of emotion?Schachter and Singer's (1962) Two-Factor Theory of Emotion suggests that physiological arousal determines the strength of the emotion, while cognitive appraisal identifies the emotion label. So, in this theory, the “two-factor” represents physiological change and cognitive appraisal change.
What did Schachter and Singer argue?According to the Schachter and Singer theory, participants given epinephrine would be expected to have higher levels of positive affect, but this didn't happen—instead, participants in the placebo group reported higher levels of positive emotions.
What are the two factors in Schachter and Singer's twoThe aim of the experiment was to test the two-factor theory of emotion. Schachter proposed that human emotions contain two factors or parts: physical arousal and a cognitive label. According to Schachter, both of these elements must be present for you to experience an emotion.
How does Schachter and Singer's theory of emotions differ from the James Lange view?The James-Lange theory proposes the emotion is the result of arousal. Schachter and Singer's two-factor model proposes that arousal and cognition combine to create emotion.
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