How does menopause affect a female patient Quizlet
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The Stages of Reproductive Aging Workshop (STRAW) staging system was developed based upon data from multiple longitudinal cohort studies. It is considered the gold standard for characterizing reproductive aging from the reproductive years through menopause and includes criteria for the reproductive years, the menopausal transition, perimenopause, final menstrual period (FMP), and postmenopause based upon bleeding patterns, endocrine findings, and symptoms. The menopausal transition and postmenopause are further subdivided into "early" and "late" stages. Show Of note, the STRAW staging criteria are not considered to represent diagnostic criteria for the menopausal transition or menopause, primarily because they include endocrine data (follicle-stimulating hormone [FSH], inhibin B, anti-müllerian hormone [AMH]) and pelvic ultrasound (antral follicle count [AFC]) as supportive criteria when determining reproductive stage. 1) Women with underlying menstrual cycle disorders — The diagnosis of menopausal transition is more difficult, and the STRAW staging system does not apply to women with underlying menstrual disorders such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or hypothalamic amenorrhea. For women with either diagnosis who develop menopausal symptoms, measure FSH concentration for diagnostic purposes. 2) Women taking oral contraceptives — Oral estrogen-progestin contraceptives are considered to be safe in nonsmokers up to the age of menopause (average age 50 to 51 years). Women taking them want reassurance that they are postmenopausal before stopping. However, it is difficult to determine if menopause has occurred because these women do not develop the irregular bleeding or vasomotor symptoms that are typical of the menopausal transition. In addition, because their hypothalamic-pituitary axis is suppressed by the high dose of exogenous estrogen, measurement of the serum FSH level is unreliable. 3) Post-hysterectomy or endometrial ablation — Menopause in women who have undergone hysterectomy or endometrial ablation cannot be determined using menstrual bleeding criteria. Therefore, supportive criteria, including assessment of menopausal symptoms and biochemical data, are needed. In this setting, measure FSH concentrations.Hyperthyroidism should always be considered in the differential diagnosis, as irregular menses, sweats (although different from typical hot flashes), and mood changes are all potential clinical manifestations of hyperthyroidism. We suggest against the use of custom-compounded bioidentical hormone therapy as there is no evidence for their safety or efficacy when compared with approved and commercially available products for menopausal hormone therapy (MHT). The term "bioidentical hormone" technically refers to a hormone with the same molecular structure as a hormone that is endogenously
produced (eg, 17-beta estradiol). However, in popular culture, the term refers to the use of custom-compounded, multihormone regimens (pills, gels, sublingual tablets, or suppositories) with dose adjustments based upon serial hormone monitoring. The hormones most commonly compounded are estradiol, estrone, estriol, progesterone, testosterone, and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA).
Terms in this set (36)A woman experiencing menopause has been placed on hormone replacement therapy (HRT) by her health care provider. What information regarding HRT should the nurse provide the client? "Hormone replacement therapy is safe for long-term use." "Hormone replacement therapy will assist in alleviating severe manifestations when used on a short-term basis." "You will find that HRT will improve bone density and serum lipids.close double quote" "You can stay on HRT as long as you need it." b A 34-year-old client presents to the family practice clinic with complaints of not having a menstrual period in the past 14 months. What data should the nurse obtain when performing a physical examination on the client? Menstrual history Weight and height Sexual history Drug and alcohol use b A 52-year-old woman complains of hot flashes, night sweats, irritability, decreased vaginal lubrication, and no menstrual period in the past 15 months. Over the past several weeks, the hot flashes and night sweats have increased in frequency, and she has noticed that she is more irritable. Laboratory values reveal
increased follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone levels. Which intervention should the nurse initiate? Instructing the client to avoid over-the-counter vaginal lubricants Providing information about medications that might be prescribed to help with menopausal symptoms Explaining such physiological manifestations of menopause as hot flashes and night sweats Encouraging discussion of how menopausal symptoms are affecting sexual functioning Asking open-ended questions about the client's body image b c d e The nurse is teaching a woman about the hormonal changes that occur during menopause. Which hormonal change would the nurse state is responsible for the symptoms of menopause? Decreased luteinizing hormone Decreased estrogen Decreased follicle-stimulating hormone Decreased progesterone b A client has been diagnosed with menopause and is complaining of increased severity of manifestations. Which treatments can be used for the treatment of menopausal symptoms? Hormone replacement therapy Gabapentin (Neurontin) Acupuncture Herbs Bioidentical hormones a c d e The nurse is discussing menopause with a 40-year-old client. During this discussion, the nurse identified which factor that determines when perimenopause may occur? Alcohol use Genetics Age of menarche Being sexually active b Which psychological manifestation is not associated with perimenopause? Loss of libido Mood swings Forgetfulness Anxiety d What are the clinical manifestations of menopause? Vaginal dryness Headaches Cold intolerance Thinning hair Hot flashes a b d e Which medication is used off-label to reduce the occurrence of hot flashes associated with menopause? Raloxifene (Evista) Triphenylethylene (Tamoxifen) Venlafaxine (Effexor) Levothyroxine (Synthroid) c Which treatment is considered an alternative or complementary therapy in managing a menopausal client? Yoga Hormone replacement therapy Bioidentical hormones Massage Herbs a c d e A female
client presents to her healthcare provider's office with manifestations of menopause. What are the vasomotor manifestations of menopause? Night sweats Decreased body hair Palpitations Dizziness Hot flashes a c d e Which nursing diagnosis should the nurse include when planning care for a client experiencing menopause? Increased risk of low self-esteem Altered sleep pattern Constipation Potential for urinary dysfunction Impaired mood a b d e A client is diagnosed as perimenopausal. Which psychological manifestation is the client most likely experiencing? Increased vaginal pH Fatigue Decreased skin elasticity Irritability b The nurse is providing education to a client who has been diagnosed with menopause. Which health promotion intervention should the nurse discuss with the client? Participating in yoga classes Wearing tight clothing Doing Kegel exercises Avoiding alcohol and cigarette use Eating a balanced diet that includes fruits, vegetables, and high-fiber foods a c d e A woman experiencing perimenopausal symptoms asks the nurse what she can do to help control the symptoms. What interventions should the nurse recommend? Keep the bedroom cool Avoid sexual intercourse Dress in layers Increase caffeine intake Start a regular exercise routine a c e The nurse is providing home care instructions to a client experiencing menopause. Which activity will assist in managing mood swings? Keeping the bedroom cool Performing deep breathing exercises Doing Kegel exercises Avoiding cigarettes b The nurse is teaching a group of adolescents about safer and more responsible sex practices. In addition to discussing abstinence, which information is the most appropriate for the nurse to include in the session? Responsible sex involves knowing who your partner had sex with in the immediate past. Engaging in sex is a personal choice that you should prepare for without ever feeling pressured by another. Having sex with someone you love shows the partner that you are committed to staying with him or her for the long term. Safer sex includes applying spermicides on female genitalia to reduce transmission of infections before intercourse. b After a nurse has completed discharge teaching, which statements made by a client treated for genital herpes would indicate that discharge instructions were understood? "I don't need to use a condom." "I'm glad the medication prescribed will cause this infection to be cured." "I understand this antiviral medication will help shorten and prevent outbreaks." "I will notify my sex partners so they can get treatment." "I'll try to keep my stress level down." c d e The nurse is caring for an adolescent client who has been diagnosed with an STI. For which problem should the nurse assess this client? Deficient knowledge Disturbed body image Risk of altered parenting Impaired skin integrity Pain a b d e The nurse is interviewing a client newly diagnosed with syphilis. Which nursing action is most important to control the spread of the infection? Obtaining a list of the client's sexual contacts. Motivating the client to undergo treatment. Reassuring the client that records are confidential. Increasing the client's knowledge of the infection. a The nurse is caring for a female client with possible chlamydia. With which sign or symptom is this client most likely to present? Urethritis Cervicitis No specific symptoms Pelvic inflammatory disease c When educating a female client with gonorrhea, the nurse should emphasize which information is true about women with gonorrhea? It does not lead to serious complications. It may not cause symptoms until serious complications occur. It can be treated but not cured. It is often marked by symptoms of dysuria or vaginal bleeding. b Which information regarding safer and more responsible behavior should the nurse provide when counseling adolescent clients who have chosen to be sexually active? You can choose to say 'No' to sex, even if your long-term partner says that your relationship has matured beyond the mutual masturbation stage Latex condoms lubricated with petroleum jelly provide for comfort and additional barrier protection Insist that your opposite sex partner use birth control to reduce the risk of HIV Women should carry and use female condoms. If your partner insists on having sex even though you don't want to, you should comply to show you really love him a d The nurse is educating a group of adolescent clients about STIs. The nurse has divided the infections into two groups: bacterial and viral. Which infection should the nurse discuss when teaching about viral STIs? Chlamydia Syphilis Herpes Gonorrhea c The nurse counsels a group of pregnant women about potential complications to unborn children that result from untreated sexually transmitted infections. What information will the nurse include in the presentation? Newborns born to mothers with Human Papillomavirus (HPV) are at risk for wart formation later in life The fetus is protected from any complication related to an untreated sexually transmitted infection if it is born by Cesarean section There is a 75% chance of fetal anomalies if the mother has genital herpes during pregnancy Congenital syphilis is transferred to the fetus through the placental circulation d Which behavior exhibits irresponsible sexual behavior? Verbalizing how to identify the warning signs of dating violence and date rape Examining one's own readiness to engage in intimate behavior with another Engaging in sex with an untreated partner Considering one's own thoughts and feelings associated with sexual behavior c What abnormal finding of the female genitalia is represented by painless, wartlike growths on the vulva, inner vagina, and cervix? Pediculosis pubis Syphilitic lesion Human papillomavirus Fluid-filled blisters c Which statements
regarding syphilis are true? It has an incubation period of 10 to 90 days. Only women are at risk for syphilis. It spreads through the body by way of blood and lymph. It is contracted by unprotected sex. It is only contracted through anal sex. a c d The nurse is providing care in an outpatient clinic for an adolescent female who has been diagnosed with a sexually transmitted infection (STI). When providing care, it is important for the nurse to carry out which action? Telling the adolescent that she does not need to notify any sexual partners Notifying the adolescent's family of the STI Being judgmental when providing education Encouraging the client to receive the hepatitis B vaccination d The community nurse is teaching a group of clients about STIs. Which client is at the greatest risk for contracting an STI? An older adult female client, age 65 A married male client, age 50 An adolescent male client, age 17 A divorced female client, age 32 c The nurse is caring for an adolescent client who has been diagnosed with chlamydia. Which treatment option is most appropriate for this client? A single oral dose of metronidazole or tinidazole A single dose of oral cefixime Doxycycline hyclate or erythromycin for 7 days A single dose of intramuscular ceftriaxone c The nurse is teaching an adolescent client about decreasing the risk of cervical cancer. Which information is most important for the nurse to include in this session? Encouraging administration of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine Avoiding all sexual contact Completely treating both partners when one is diagnosed with an STI Completing all medication as prescribed a The nurse is educating a group of adolescents on ways to decrease the risk of contracting an STI. Which information should the nurse include in the session? "STIs can be contracted by oral sex." "STIs can be contracted from shared towels." "STIs can be contracted from toilet seats." "STIs can be contracted by sharing drinking glasses." a The nurse is caring for a female adolescent who has been diagnosed with gonorrhea. The client will be placed on oral antibiotic therapy. The nurse knows that the adolescent has understood the teaching when she makes which statement? "I will need to come back to the healthcare center in 12 hours for my second dose of oral antibiotics." "I will need to have an injection of penicillin G." "I will need to take this one dose with food." "I will need to take all my medication as prescribed." d Which teaching about reducing the risk of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) should the nurse provide to sexually active adolescent male clients? Condoms should be used for every sexual encounter" An initial HIV test result needs to be followed up with a retest exactly 1 month after the initial test Natural or animal-skinned condoms feel more comfortable than latex versions Application of petroleum jelly to the condom provides an additional barrier a A 24-year-old sexually active female client comes to the clinic with a complaint
of burning on urination and a vaginal discharge. Documentation on the client's chart should include which information? History of unprotected sex Allergies to any medications History of fever or chills Length of time since symptoms presented Names and phone numbers of all sexual contacts a b c d Sets found in the same folderMenopause9 terms Laura_Bailey81 OB NCLEX - Menopause20 terms glenndryden Menopause- My Nursing Lab28 terms Kellya8183 Erectile Dysfunction20 terms Lytle1278 Other sets by this creatorChapter 35 Cardiovascular28 terms Jaynut89 med surg nclex 1/425 terms Jaynut89 med success24 terms Jaynut89 Menstrual dysfunction15 terms Jaynut89 Verified questions
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What is menopause and how does it affect the female reproductive system?With menopause: The ovaries stop making the hormones estrogen and progesterone. The ovaries also stop releasing eggs (ova, oocytes). After menopause, you can no longer become pregnant.
How does menopause affect a woman's hormonal levels?During this transition time before menopause, the supply of mature eggs in a woman's ovaries diminishes and ovulation becomes irregular. At the same time, the production of estrogen and progesterone decreases. It is the big drop in estrogen levels that causes most of the symptoms of menopause.
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