Which employee would be at highest risk of being exposed to bloodborne pathogens?
Show Purpose:To provide a standard of care for evaluation and treatment of occupational exposures to Bloodborne Pathogens. To be used in conjunction with Chemoprophylaxis for HIV Exposures Protocol. Definitions:AHIVAntibody to Human Immunodeficiency Virus. A positive result indicates infection with HIV. Confirmatory tests are done to exclude false positive result. Antibody can be done via rapid method with results available in 1 - 2 hours.Bloodborne PathogenA pathogen that is largely transmitted by the bloodborne route and a major occupational risk for health care workers. Hepatitis B virus, Hepatitis C virus and the Human Immunodeficiency Viruses are the most common bloodborne pathogens in occupational exposures.Body Substance Exposure ("exposure")A specific eye, mouth, other mucous membrane, non-intact skin, or parenteral contact with blood or other potentially infectious material.EIAEnzyme Immunoassay Assay Test; to detect presence of HIV-1/HIV-2 antibodies (positive results are repeated for verification; repeatable specimens are sent out for Western Blot)EmployeeIncludes any full or part-time, temporary or regular employee. Includes volunteers, students, and Special Purpose Trainees who experience an exposure while performing a service for Michigan Medicine.HBSABAntibody to Hepatitis B virus antigen. A positive result indicates immunity to Hepatitis B from either previous infection or immunization.HBSAGHepatitis B antigen. Antigen found in blood indicates ongoing infection and possible infectivity. Infectivity is more likely if Hepatitis B e Antigen is also present. Can be found in acute infection and chronic carrier state.HCABAntibody to Hepatitis C virus. A positive result indicates infection with Hepatitis C and probable infectivity. Confirmatory tests such as PCR and RIBA are done to exclude false positive result.Hepatitis BRNA virus that causes an inflammation of the liver. Transmitted by parenteral, mucous membrane, sexual or trans-placental routes. Risk of transmission from percutaneous exposure to infected source is in the 2 - 40% range. Infection can be prevented through vaccination.Hepatitis B Immune Globulin (HBIG)Preparation prepared from plasma containing high titers of antibody to Hepatitis B virus. Used to confer passive immunity to Hepatitis B virus for susceptible persons exposed to Hepatitis B virus.Hepatitis B Vaccine: A product produced by recombinant technology (no human derived material) for active immunization against Hepatitis B virus. Administered as a series of three injections during a six month period. About 90% of people develop adequate immunity after the vaccination series. An additional few percent of people will develop immunity after an additional series. Protection is considered to be long-lived and routine boosters are not indicated per CDC. Policy:
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Infection Prevention’s Bloodborne Pathogens Exposure Control Plan. Who is considered most at risk for being exposed to a bloodborne pathogen?Workers in many occupations, including first responders, housekeeping personnel in some industries, nurses and other healthcare personnel, all may be at risk for exposure to bloodborne pathogens.
What is the most common risk of exposure to bloodborne?Bloodborne pathogens and workplace sharps injuries. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are three of the most common bloodborne pathogens from which health care workers are at risk.
What is the greatest bloodborne pathogen risk to laboratory employees?Hepatitis B, formerly called “serum hepatitis,” is a life-threatening bloodborne pathogen and a major risk to employees in jobs where there is exposure to blood and other potentially infectious material (OPIM).
Which of the following workers are at risk for exposure to blood and bodily fluids?Background: Health care workers (HCWs) are at risk of exposures to human blood and body fluids (BBF). Needlestick injuries and splashes place HCWs at risk for numerous blood-borne infections including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B (HBV), and hepatitis C (HCV).
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