The need to belong is defined as the desire to

Review

. 1995 May;117(3):497-529.

Affiliations

  • PMID: 7777651

Review

The need to belong: desire for interpersonal attachments as a fundamental human motivation

R F Baumeister et al. Psychol Bull. 1995 May.

Abstract

A hypothesized need to form and maintain strong, stable interpersonal relationships is evaluated in light of the empirical literature. The need is for frequent, nonaversive interactions within an ongoing relational bond. Consistent with the belongingness hypothesis, people form social attachments readily under most conditions and resist the dissolution of existing bonds. Belongingness appears to have multiple and strong effects on emotional patterns and on cognitive processes. Lack of attachments is linked to a variety of ill effects on health, adjustment, and well-being. Other evidence, such as that concerning satiation, substitution, and behavioral consequences, is likewise consistent with the hypothesized motivation. Several seeming counterexamples turned out not to disconfirm the hypothesis. Existing evidence supports the hypothesis that the need to belong is a powerful, fundamental, and extremely pervasive motivation.

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What is the need to belong theory?

The need to belong refers to the idea that humans have a fundamental motivation to be accepted into relation-ships with others and to be a part of social groups. The fact that belongingness is a need means that human beings must establish and maintain a minimum quantity of enduring relationships.

Where does the need to belong Come From?

The concept of a need to belong has a long history in social psychology, but was most clearly articulated by Baumeister & Leary [26]. Focusing on the literature with adults, they argued that humans seek to engage in positive interactions with others within the context of long-lasting relationships.

What are the two components of need to belong?

The overarching criteria for defining a fully satisfying relationship are defined in the belongingness hypothesis advanced by Baumeister and Leary (1995), and are summarized as follows: “Satisfying this drive [to belong] involves two criteria: First, there is a need for frequent affectively pleasant interactions with a ...

Why do humans feel the need to belong?

A sense of belonging is crucial to our life satisfaction, happiness, mental and physical health and even longevity. It gives us a sense of purpose and meaning. Research has shown that loss of belonging has been associated with stress, illness and decreased wellbeing and depression.