Which is the best example of pluralistic ignorance Quizlet
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Terms in this set (50)Results of laboratory experiments with adults (e.g., Bower &Hilgard, 1981) suggest that the one reason why threats of punishment do not seem to deter violent crime in the "real world" is that in the criminal justice system, punishment is A. Seldom severe enough B. Seldom administered fairly C. Excessively harsh D. Seldom swift or certain D Pluralistic ignorance is an example of the power of _________ to inhibit helping. A. Diffusion of responsibility B. Negative-self relief effects C. Urban overload D. Informational social influence D Helga stops and helps Bjorn change a flat tire along the road because she figures that one day she'll need help and someone will return the favor. This best illustrates the idea of A. Reciprocity B. Paying it forward C. Karmic law D. Evolution A According to the relationship between frustration and aggression, who is most likely to get into an argument with someone who cuts in line ahead of him or her? A. Tim, who has been waiting two hours to hug concert tickets and still has at least an hour to wait B. Hector, who is last in line for movie tickets C. Barbara, who is the next in line at the grocery store check-our counter D. Alicia, who only has one item at the drug store C Imagine that you are attending a new high school and would like to make friends. On the first day of school, you observe that all of the students in your home room are crumpling paper into balls and throwing them on the floor. You begin to do the same. You have confirmed to the groups behavior due to... A. Informational social influence B. Normative social influence C. Propaganda D. Obedience to authority B The authors of your text report instances of teens taking a "polar plunge" by jumping into freezing water. Which of the following best explains such dangerous behavior? A. Delinquent teens using this activity for gang initiations B. The power of normative social influence C. The power of informational social influence D. The teens having "excitement seeking" personalities B Public safety officials want to increase the use of seat belts among drivers, and have decided to show a television ad documenting the rising use of seat belts among drivers. This represents the use of _____ norms to change safety behaviors. A. Injunctive B. Conjunctive C. Descriptive D. Proscriptive C Although George wants to help a stranded motorist he passed on the freeway, he passed by because he knows it would take too much time out of his busy schedule. What theory offers the best explanation as to why George did NOT help? A. Negative-state relief B. Social exchange C. Empathy-altruism D. Evolutionary B Rachida refuses to follow important social norms of her group. She will be... A. Shunned by the other group members B. Allowed to behave however he or she wants to C. Made the leader D. Viewed as a rebel, and hold that niche in the group A Research on mood and helping found that people were _______ likely to help ________ they attended confession. A. Equally; before and after B. More; after C. More; before D. Less; before C Reuben has three cats at home and doesn't want another one. Still, on the way home from work, he stops to rescue a kitten from the highway. This is an example of _______ behaviour. A. Prosocial B. Altruistic C. Sociobiological D. Self-interested B Biologist Zing Yang Kuo (1961) demonstrated that a cat that had been raised from birth with a rat in the same cage would attack neither that specific rat nor other rats. This research suggests that... A. Aggressive behavior is not instinctive B. Aggressive instincts can be modified through experience C. Aggression is a learned response D. Conflict over scarce resources contributes to aggression B According to the authors of your text, what is the most plausible explanation as to why the U.S. soldiers followed their lieutenant's orders to massacre the citizens of the peaceful village of My Lao during the Vietnam War? A. They were confirming in a confusing situation B. Soldiers tend to be more aggressive than the average person C. They were expressing implicit prejudice D. They were bloodthirsty assassins A According to the research presented in the text, ______ of all rapes or attempted rapes occur between people who know each other. A. 85% B. 15% C. 35% D. 50% A
Even if it is clear that a person needs help, that you are the person responsible to help, and that you know how to help, you might still decide not to help. Reasons that people do not help in such cases include all of the following EXCEPT... A. The cost of administering help might be too high B. People fear that they might make things worse if they try to help C. The situation isn't an emergency, and the Latané and Darley model isn't applicable D. People fear they might make fools of themselves if they help C You ask your brother if you can borrow his car for a date on Saturday night. Before handing over the keys, he asks in jest, "What's in it for me?" His question best reflects _______ as applied to prosocial behaviour. A. An egocentric perspective B. Social exchange theory C. The empathy-altruism hypothesis D. The reciprocity norm B The over justification effect suggests that providing _______ for volunteering or community service can lead to ________. A. Insufficient rewards; an antisocial personality B. Excessive rewards; an intrinsic motivation to help C. Excessive rewards; an antisocial personality D. Barely sufficient rewards; self-attributions as "kind" and "helpful" D Compared to individuals deciding alone, members of groups tend to make decisions that are... A. More conservative B. Riskier C. Less stable D. More extreme D Bob is from Michigan. He's familiar with cultural norms that emphasize... A. Individuality B. Cooperation C. Obedience to authority D. Conformity
A According to a team of researchers who investigated 15 school shootings that occurred between 1995 and 2001, the motivation behind the vast majority of these shootings was... A. Shame at being too popular B. Anger from being bullied and socially rejected C. Depression from being physically unfit D. Arousal from being involved in sports B
Members of the school board were tentatively considering a proposal to institute the wearing of uniforms in the elementary and middle school grades. After their last meeting, they are now strongly in favor of the proposal. This illustrates the phenomenon known as... A. Groupthink B. Group polarization C. Deindividuation D. Social facilitation B Complete the following analogy about the effects of mood on helping behavior. _________ : feel bad, do good :: happiness: ________. A. Anger; empathy-altruism hypothesis B. Sadness; kinship selection effect C. Guilt; feel good, do good effect D. Guilt: evolutionary theory C The United Stares has celebrated independence and rugged individualism from the time of its inception. This suggests that American attitudes toward co for its are.... A. Interdependent B. Generally positive C. Situation-specific D. Generally negative D Which is the proper order of processes in Zajonc's explanation for social facilitation? A. Arousal > perform dominant response > presence of others B. Present of others > perform dominant response > arousal C. Presence of others > arousal > perform dominant response D. Perform dominant response > arousal > presence of others C Based on what your text reports, which of the following condition of punishment is most likely to deter violent criminals? A. Punishment is prompt and certain B. Punishment is fair C. Punishment is prompt and severe D. Punishment is severe A An important feature of informational social influence is that it often leads to... A. Normative pressures B. Public compliance C. Private acceptance D. Obedience C ________ theory would be most likely to mention such factors as social approval and increased self-worth as motivations for prosocial behavior. A. Norm activation B. Empathy-altruism C. Evolutionary D. Social exchange D A teacher at a preschool tries to show some rowdy children how to "play nice." She shows them a doll hitting her, and her hugging the doll in response. The teacher's behaviour is an example of... A. Modeling nonaggressive behavior B. Teaching the children how to solve problems more effectively C. Building empathy to the children D. Training good communication skills A Which student below is being exposed to an attempt to change behavior based on the "social norms" approach? A. Tabitha, who sees a poster on campus that says, "83 percent of UX students have 3 drinks or fewer when they drink." B. Monica, who role-plays talking to a stranger in line at the store during an assertiveness-training seminar C. Jonathon, who is required to attend a meeting in his dorm on preventing date rape D. Gary, who is asked to sign a poster placed in the lobby of the student union that says, "I practice safe sex." A The concept of social norms refers to... A. Social sanctions a group provides in response to deviant behavior B. The most common beliefs, values, or behavior in a group of people C. Social practices designed to promote cooperation in a group D. Implicit or explicit rules a group has for acceptable beliefs, values, or behavior D A child starts to cry after she sees her best friend trip and scrape her knee. The child's behavior is most likely an example of... A. Fear B. Shame C. Confusion D. Empathy D The "prisoner's dilemma" game is an excellent vehicle for studying social conflicts in the laboratory because... A. There is one and only one right answer to the problem B. The rules of the game put self-interest against looking out for someone else's interest C. Researchers control the strategies participants use D. There are clear winners and clear losers, and thus reliable dependent variable measures B
According to Zimbardo, why would U.S. soldiers abuse the prisoners they were ordered to guard? A. The prisoners were rioting B. The soldiers were a few "bad apples" C. The situation of being a prison guard was a "bad barrel." D. The soldiers were extremely racist C Going along with the crowd (e.g., doing the ice bucket challenge, smoking pot, polar plunging) because of a fear of social exclusion is an example of.... A. Informational social influence B. Social dominance C. Social impact D. Normative social influence D Assume that you are playing pool at the student union when several of your buddies surround the table to watch you play. If you are _______ player, you would ________ because of the arousing effects of their presence. A. An excellent; make most of your shots B. Mediocre; play better than before C. Poor; perform better than you have in the past D. An excellent; perform worse than usual A One of the major problems with the empathy-altruism hypothesis, which Batson himself admits, is that.... A. people are motivated strongly by rewards B. Helping is difficult to do because of the costs involved C. It can be difficult to know people's true motives when helping D. People rarely experience empathy C A sports psychologist observed the Behavior of fans during an especially violent hockey game. Contrary to predictions based on the notion of catharsis. Russell found that the belligerence and hostility of the spectators... A. Decreased when their team was wining B. Increased throughout the hockey game C. Remained constant throughout the game D. Increased when their team was losing B Recall that Latané and Darley (1970) had participants complete questionnaires alone, or in the presence of two others. When the experimental room filled with "smoke", participants who were alone reported the potential emergency more quickly than did those who worked on the questionnaire in the company of others. These results provide support for the concept of... A. Social exchange theory B. Pluralistic ignorance C. Evaluation apprehension D. Diffusion of responsibility B A researcher (Eibl-Eibesfeldt, 1963) raised rats in isolation. When other rats were finally introduced into their cages, rats raised alone ________, suggesting that ________. A. Did not aggressive against them; instrumental aggression does not exist in nonhumans B. Fled from the new rare; aggression must be learned C. Used the same aggressive behaviors as other rats; aggression need not be learned D. Could not defend themselves; aggression is learned C Based on the evolutionary explanations for aggression presented in your text, who is most likely to be physically aggressive? A. An Asian American B. A woman C. A man D. An African American C A steady diet of violent television fare can encourage aggression in children who are consequently _______ respond aggressively in real life. A. Frustrated and therefore motivated to B. Rewarded when they C. Encouraged by their parents to D. Primed to D Taking into account research on factors that increase informational social influence, which game contestant is most likely to yield to the informational social influence provided by teammates or the audience? A. Tatsuo, playing a television game show, who answers a question whose answer seems obvious to him B. Marcus, playing a game with his younger cousins, when he is unsure of the answer C. Joaquin, playing a television game show, who answers a question whose answer he is uncertain of D. Yuriko, playing a game with her family, who answers a question whose answer she knows C ________ is to aggression as _______ is to peaceable solutions. A. Assertiveness; compromise B. Punishment; reinforcement C. Frustration; release D. Lack of social skills; communication training D Andrea asks her friends to spread a nasty rumor about her opponent for the office of class president to attempt to damage his reputation in the days before the election. This is an example of.... A. Hostile aggression B. Assertiveness C. Extreme prejudice D. Instrumental aggression D According to the bystander effect, the number of people who are around when an emergency occurs is ________ correlated with the time it takes someone to provide help in an emergency. A. Inversely B. Not C. Positively D. Negatively C According to the information presented by the authors of your text, people who have lived in the same place longer, tend to be more likely to help. Why? A. Because everyone around them is an in-group member B. They feel more interdependent with their neighbors and attached to the community C. People who stay in the same place are usually altruistic D. They feel empathy more easily B You've just read chapter 12 on aggression. Your friend Jane is trying to reduce her son Austin's aggressive tendencies. Of the alternatives below, which would you recommend to Jane? A. Give him a doll to beat when he's feeling mad B. Have him play a shoot-'me-up video game to relive his aggressive urges C. Get him involved in an aggressive sport like football D. Respond quickly and send him to his room every time he aggresses D The definition of a group provided in your text includes all of the following EXCEPT... A. Members are physically in the same place at the same time B. Members interact with each other C. It includes two or more members D. Members are interdependent A Kevin is told that if he works for five days at a telemarketing job, he can expect to earn $100 a day on commission alone. When he gets his paycheck at the end of the week, it comes to only about $80 per day. He's very upset even when he finds out that his co-workers all made only about $60 each per day. This is an example of A. Unfulfilled expectations leading to frustration B. instrumental aggression C. Catharsis D. Dispositional frustration A According to the research, people who lived in the same area for a longer period of time are more likely to feel all of the following except.... A. Greater concern for their reputation in the community B. More interdependence with their neighbors C. Embarrassment and dislike for "rough" areas of town D. A greater sense of attachment to the community C Sets with similar termschapter 12 & 13 social psych60 terms ggrewal1 Social Psych Ch. 11 Prosocial Behavior46 terms amber_jones34 Social Psychology 11, 12, 13 EXAM REVIEW60 terms chandler_craig1 Psych 251 Exam 352 terms rachel_pubins Other sets by this creatorExam 3 Social psych51 terms tgossett97 Study guide3 terms tgossett97 CHAPTER 10- EXAM 221 terms tgossett97 CHAPTER 5- EXAM 250 terms tgossett97 Verified questionsPSYCHOLOGY Following a brain injury, Mike struggles to control his emotions and has difficulty establishing new memories. What parts of Mike’s brain have most likely been affected by his injury? Verified answer
PSYCHOLOGY Choose the letter of the correct term or concept below to complete the sentence. a. motivation b. need c. drive d. incentive e. lateral hypothalamus (LH) f. ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) g. fundamental needs h. psychological needs i. self-actualization needs j. emotion. The __________ is the part of the brain that sends signals to tell you when you have had enough food. Verified answer
QUESTION As the infant’s brain develops, some neural pathways will decay if not used. This use-it-or-lose-it process is known as a. motor development. b. pruning. c. spacing. d. accommodation. e. maturation. Verified answer PSYCHOLOGY Explain how messages travel to and from the brain through the nervous system. Verified answer Recommended textbook solutions
Social Psychology10th EditionElliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Samuel R. Sommers, Timothy D. Wilson 525 solutions Social Psychology10th EditionElliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Timothy D. Wilson 525 solutions Social Psychology and Human Nature5th EditionBrad J. Bushman, Roy F. Baumeister 374 solutions Social Psychology and Human Nature5th EditionBrad J. Bushman, Roy F. Baumeister 374 solutions Other Quizlet setsClass Discussion Material TEST 349 terms sophie_warnick9 Quiz 6: Microbio II121 terms Anjli_Patel1 Chapter 9: THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM112 terms softball74553 TExES Special Education EC-12 (161) Practice Quest…15 terms Katinadw Related questionsQUESTION According to the authors of your text, the ultimate test of an experiment's external validity is 2 answers QUESTION (t/f) By lumping enormous numbers of people who share a single characteristic into a single category, we help make sense of our often confusing social worlds 2 answers QUESTION According to Daniel Gilbert, there are two steps involved in the attribution process. The point at which attributional errors tend to occur is when we attempt to 5 answers QUESTION While stuck in a traffic jam, Billy Wildcat notices a frustrated driver frequently honking his horn. Billy Wildcat thinks to himself, "That drier is a real jerk!" This is an example of a BLANK attribution. 2 answers What is pluralistic ignorance quizlet?Definition. 1 / 25. Pluralistic ignorance occurs whenever people act in ways that conflict with their private beliefs because of a concern for the social consequences. Particularly common in situations where toughness is valued.
What is pluralistic ignorance and give an example?Pluralistic ignorance occurs when people erroneously infer that they feel differently from their peers, even though they are behaving similarly. As one example, imagine the following scenario: You are sitting in a large lecture hall listening to an especially complicated lecture.
What is pluralistic ignorance in sociology?Pluralistic ignorance is the (incorrect) belief that one's personal attitudes are different from the majorities' attitudes, and thus one goes along with what they think others think (Miller and McFarland, 1991).
What causes pluralistic ignorance?Pluralistic ignorance is a phenomenon that occurs when people mistakenly believe that everyone else holds a different opinion from their own. This often leads to a false consensus, where people conform to the thought-to-be majority opinion, even though it may not be considered just by the majority of people.
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